#ESSENTIAL ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY BOOK SKIN#
14–8) and keratin of the skin and hair.Ĭopyright © 2007 by F. Other proteins with shapes thatTwo other types of bonds that are important to depend upon disulfide bonds are antibodies of thethe chemistry of the body are disulfide bonds and immune system (see Fig. Each molecule of insulin has two disulfide bondsHYDROGEN BONDS that help maintain its proper shape and function (see Box Fig. have a very specific three-dimensional shape in order to function properly to regulate the blood glucoseDISULFIDE BONDS AND level. The functions of organic compounds will be hormone insulin, for example, is a protein that mustconsidered later in this chapter. This is important because the proteins pro- A disulfide bond (also called a disulfide bridge) is aduced by the body, for example, must remain intact in covalent bond formed between two atoms of sulfur,order to function properly in the water of our cells and usually within the same large protein molecule. Covalent bonds are molecules.relatively strong and are not weakened in an aqueoussolution. Hydrogen bonds are part of many differentcovalently bonded to one another. Disulfide bonds are found in somecomplex and precise arrangements of these atoms proteins. QUESTION: Which of the bonds shown here is a double covalent bond?compounds such as proteins and carbohydrates are hydrogen bonds. (B) An atom of oxygen shares one electron with each of two hydrogen atoms, each sharing its electron.
(A) Two atoms of oxygen share two electrons each, forming a molecule of oxygen gas.
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